Life Plants Magnoliophyta Magnoliophytina Magnoliopsida Onagraceae

Foodplants for Arctonotus lucidus, Dichomeris agonia, Euproserpinus phaeton, Mompha stellella, Proserpinus gaurae, P. juanita

600x883 (~102Kb) USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 24.6.2000 (cultiv?), Photo © Markku Savela	500x782 (~68Kb) USA: Beach on 101, False Clamath Cove (41°36'09N 124°06'01W ±0.5km), Del Norte Co. CA, 3.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela	700x948 (~85Kb) USA: Beach on 101, False Clamath Cove (41°36'09N 124°06'01W ±0.5km), Del Norte Co. CA, 3.8.2001, Photo © Markku Savela
1000x1361 (~171Kb) USA: Slide Rock State Park (north of Sedona), Coconico Co, Arizona, 11.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	900x1276 (~163Kb) USA: Homolowi Ruins State Park, near Winslow, Navajo Co., Arizona, 12.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

The exact identification of these species is still unknown, but tentatively assumed to belong into this group.

• Oenothera depressa Greene Strävt nattljus Karheahelokki

  • Oenothera strigosa ssp. depressa (Grene) Munz.
  • Oenothera salicifolia Desf. ex G. Don

  • Oenothera depressa; [RK], 294
  • Oenothera salicifolia; [CoL]
• Oenothera biennis L. Kaksivuotinen helokki Nattljus Common Evening Primrose Helokki Iltahelokki

  • Onagra biennis (L.) Scop.

  • Oenothera biennis; [RK], 294; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • Onothera biennis; [SK], 415; [GMBOT], 598

  783x1044 (~272Kb) Lithuania: Vilna, Jeruzale, 11.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio

  783x1044 (~103Kb) Lithuania: Vilna, Jeruzale, 11.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio

  783x1044 (~132Kb) Lithuania: Vilna, Jeruzale, 11.7.2008, Photo © Harri Arkkio

  Foodplant for Mompha argentimaculella, Proserpinus proserpina

• Oenothera rubricaulis Klebahn Pricknattljus Täplähelokki

  • Oenothera rubricaulis; [RK], 295; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera × rubricaulis; [CoL]

  734x979 (~179Kb) Finland, Vantaa, Martinlaakso, 7.7.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio Oenothera rubricaulis det. Vesa Järvinen

  930x1240 (~166Kb) Finland, Vantaa, Martinlaakso, 7.7.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio Oenothera rubricaulis det. Vesa Järvinen

  1524x1154 (~173Kb) Finland, Vantaa, Martinlaakso, 7.7.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio Oenothera rubricaulis det. Vesa Järvinen

• Oenothera strigosa (Rydb.) Mackenzie & Bush Karheahelokki?

  • Oenothera villosa strigosa; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera villosa subsp. strigosa; [POWO]
• Oenothera renneri H. Scholz Rennerinhelokki

  • Oenothera × renneri; [CoL]
• Oenothera coronifera Renner 'Hohtohelokki'

  • Oenothera coronifera; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera × coronifera; [CoL]
• Oenothera fennoscandica Rostánski 'Pohjanhelokki'
• Oenothera insignis Bartl. 'Outohelokki'
• Oenothera wratislawiensis Rostánski 'Puolanhelokki'

• Oenothera cruciata Nutt.

  • Oenothera biennis var. cruciata (Nutt.) T. & G.
  • Onagra cruciata (Nutt.) Small.

  • Oenothera cruciata; [GMBOT], 598
• Oenothera argillicola Mackenzie

  • Onagra argillicola (Mackenzie) Mackenzie

  • Oenothera argillicola; [GMBOT], 598; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera oakesiana Robbins

  • Onagra biennis var. oakesiana (Robbins) Gray

  • Oenothera Oakesiana; [GMBOT], 598
  • Oenothera oakesiana; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera muricata L.

  • Oenothera muricata; [GMBOT],598
  • var. canescens (T. & G.) Robinson

    • Oenothera biennis var. canescens T. & G.
    • ?Onagra strigosa Rydb.

    • Oenothera canescens; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
    • Oenothera muricata var. canescens; [GMBOT], 598
    • Oenothera villosa subsp. strigosa; [CoL]
• Oenothera grandiflora Ait.

  • Oenothera biennis var. grandiflora (Ait.) Lindl.
  • Onagra grandiflora (Ait.) Cockerel

  • Oenothera grandiflora; [GMBOT], 599; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera longiflora subsp. grandiflora; [CoL] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera rhombipetala Nutt.

  • Oenothera rhombipetala; [GMBOT], 599; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera humifusa Nutt.

  • Oenothera humifusa; [GMBOT], 599; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera laciniata Hill. 'Liuskahelokki' Cutleaf Evening Primrose

  • Oenothera sinuata L.

  • Oenothera laciniata; [GMBOT], 599; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • var. grandiflora (Wats.) Robinson

    • Oenothera sinuata var. grandiflora Wats.
    • Oenothera laciniata var. grandis Britton

    • Oenothera grandis; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
    • Oenothera laciniata var. grandiflora; [GMBOT], 599
• Oenothera pallida Lindl. Pale Evening-primrose

  • Anogra pallida (Lindl.) Britton

  • Oenothera pallida latifolia; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera pallida runcinata; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera pallida subsp. gypsophila; [CoL]
  • Oenothera pallida subsp. latifolia; [POWO]
  • Oenothera pallida subsp. runcinata; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera pallida subsp. trichocalyx; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera pallida trichocalyx; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera pallida; [FPN], 310; [GMBOT], 599; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera pallida Lindl.;
  • var. pallida

    • Oenothera pallida pallida; [iNaturalist]
    • Oenothera pallida subsp. pallida; [CoL] ; [POWO]
    • Oenothera pallida var. pallida; [FPN], 310
  • var. idahoensis Munz

    • Oenothera idahoensis Munz;
    • Oenothera pallida var. idahoensis; [FPN], 310
• Oenothera linifolia Nutt. 'Pellavahelokki'

  • Kneiffia linifolia (Nutt.) Spach.

  • Oenothera linifolia; [GMBOT], 600; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera pumila L.

  • Kneiffia pumila (L.) Spach.

  • Oenothera pumila; [GMBOT], 600
• Oenothera glauca Michx.

  • Kneiffia glauca (Michx.) Spach.

  • Oenothera glauca; [GMBOT], 600
• Oenothera fruticosa L. Sundrops

  • Kneiffia fruticosa (L.) Raimann

  • Oenothera fruticosa fruticosa; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera fruticosa microcarpa; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera fruticosa subglobosa; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera fruticosa; [GMBOT], 600; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • var. hirsuta Nutt.

    • Kneiffia fruticosa var. pilosella Britton

    • Oenothera fruticosa var. hirsuta; [GMBOT], 600
    • Oenothera pilosella; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera linearis Michx.

  • Kneiffia linearis (Michx.) Spach.
  • Oenothera fruticosa var. linearis (Michx.) Wats.
  • ?Oenothera fruticosa var. humifusa Allen
  • ?Kneiffia alleni Small.

  • Kneiffia alleni; [GMBOT], 600 (syn. for Oenothera fruticosa var. humifusa)
  • Kneiffia alleni Small.;
  • Oenothera linearis; [GMBOT], 600
  • var. eamesii Robinson

    • Oenothera linearis var. eamesii; [GMBOT], 600
• Oenothera longipedicellata (Small) Robinson

  • Kneiffia longipedicellata Small

  • Oenothera longipedicellata; [GMBOT], 600
• Oenothera pratensis (Small) Robison

  • Kneiffia pratensis Small

  • Oenothera pratensis; [GMBOT], 600
• Oenothera speciosa Nutt. 'Komeahelokki' Showy Evening Primrose White Evening Primrose

  • Hartmannia speciosa (Nutt.) Small

  • Oenothera speciosa; [GMBOT], 600; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera triloba Nutt.

  • Lavauxia triloba (Nutt.) Spach.

  • Oenothera triloba; [GMBOT], 601; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • ?var. parviflora Wats.

    • Lavauxia triloba var. watsoni Britton

    • Oenothera parviflora; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
    • Oenothera tafiensis parviflora; [iNaturalist]
    • Oenothera tafiensis subsp. parviflora; [CoL] ; [POWO]
    • Oenothera triloba ?var. parviflora; [GMBOT], 601
• Oenothera missouriensis Sims.

  • Megapterium missouriensis (Sims.) Spach.

  • Oenothera missouriensis; [GMBOT], 601

  Foodplant for Mompha eloisella

• Oenothera serrulata Nutt. Shrubby Evening-primrose

  • Meriolix serrulata (Nutt.) Walp.
  • ?Meriolix intermedia Rydb.

  • Oenothera serrulata; [FPN], 311; [GMBOT], 601; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera serrulata Nutt.;

• Oenothera nuttallii Sweet Nuttall's Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera nuttallii; [FPN], 310; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera nuttallii Sweet;
• Oenothera deltoides Torr. & Frem. Hairy Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera deltoides ambigua; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera deltoides cognata; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera deltoides deltoides; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera deltoides howellii; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera deltoides piperi; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera deltoides subsp. ambigua; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera deltoides subsp. cognata; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera deltoides subsp. deltoides; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera deltoides subsp. howellii; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera deltoides subsp. piperi; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera deltoides; [FPN], 310; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera deltoides Torr. & Frem.;

  Foodplant for Schinia felicitata

• Oenothera flava (Nels.) Garret Long-tubed Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera flava (Nels.) Garret

  • Oenothera flava subsp. flava; [CoL]
  • Oenothera flava subsp. taraxacoides; [CoL]
  • Oenothera flava taraxacoides; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera flava; [FPN], 310; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
• Oenothera caespitosa Nutt. Butte Primrose Rock-rose

  • Oenothera caespitosa; [FPN], 310
  • Oenothera caespitosa Nutt.;
  • var. caespitosa

    • Oenothera caespitosa var. caespitosa; [FPN], 310
  • var. marginata (Nutt.) Munz.

    • Oenothera marginata (Nutt.) Munz.

    • Oenothera caespitosa var. marginata; [FPN], 310
    • Oenothera cespitosa marginata; [iNaturalist]
    • Oenothera cespitosa subsp. marginata; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • var. psammophila (Nels. & Macbr.) Munz.

    • Oenothera psammophila (Nels. & Macbr.) Munz.

    • Oenothera caespitosa var. psammophila; [FPN], 310
    • Oenothera psammophila; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [POWO]
  • var. purpurea (Wats.) Munz.

    • Oenothera purpurea (Wats.) Munz.

    • Oenothera caespitosa var. purpurea; [FPN], 310
• Oenothera palmeri Wats Palmer's Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera palmeri; [FPN], 310
  • Oenothera palmeri Wats;
• Oenothera subacaulis (Pursh) Garret Long-leaf Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera subacaulis (Pursh) Garret

  • Oenothera subacaulis; [FPN], 311
• Oenothera breviflora T. & G. Short-flowered Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera breviflora; [FPN], 311
  • Oenothera breviflora T. & G.;
• Oenothera tanacetifolia T. & G. Tansy-leaf Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera tanacetifolia; [FPN], 311
  • Oenothera tanacetifolia T. & G.;
• Oenothera hookeri T. & G. Hooker's Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera elata hookeri; [iNaturalist]
  • Oenothera elata subsp. hookeri; [CoL] ; [POWO]
  • Oenothera hookeri; [FPN], 311
  • Oenothera hookeri T. & G.;
  • var. ornata (Nels.) Munz

    • Oenothera ornata (Nels.) Munz

    • Oenothera hookeri var. ornata; [FPN], 311
  • var. angustifolia Gates

    • Oenothera angustifolia Gates;
    • Oenothera hookeri var. angustifolia; [FPN], 311
• Oenothera × erythrosepala Borb. Red-sepaled Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera × erythrosepala; [FPN], 311
  • Oenothera × erythrosepala Borb.;
• Oenothera scapoidea Nutt.

  • Oenothera scapoidea; [FPN], 311
  • Oenothera scapoidea Nutt.;
• Oenothera claviformis Torr. & Frem.

  • Oenothera claviformis; [FPN], 311
  • Oenothera claviformis Torr. & Frem.;
• Oenothera minor (Nels.) Munz Small-flower Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera minor (Nels.) Munz

  • Oenothera minor; [FPN], 312
• Oenothera pygmaea Dougl. Dwarf Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera pygmaea; [FPN], 312
  • Oenothera pygmaea Dougl.;
• Oenothera boothii Dougl.

  • Oenothera boothii; [FPN], 312
  • Oenothera boothii Dougl.;
  • ssp. boothii Booth's Evening-primrose

    • Oenothera boothii ssp. boothii; [FPN], 312
  • ssp. alyssoides (H. & A.) Munz Alyssum-like Evening-primrose

    • Oenothera alyssoides (H. & A.) Munz

    • Oenothera boothii ssp. alyssoides; [FPN], 312
• Oenothera andina Nutt. Obscure Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera andina; [FPN], 312
  • Oenothera andina Nutt.;
• Oenothera hilgardii Greene Hilgard's Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera hilgardii; [FPN], 312
  • Oenothera hilgardii Greene;
• Oenothera contorta (Dougl.) Kearney Contorted-pod Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera contorta (Dougl.) Kearney

  • Oenothera contorta; [FPN], 312
• Oenothera pubens (Wats.) Munz Hairy Evening-primrose

  • Oenothera pubens (Wats.) Munz

  • Oenothera pubens; [FPN], 312

21.9.2000 (47)

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.