Eurema

Eurema Hübner, [1819] Grass Yellows

Eurema Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 96; TS: Papilio delia Cramer
Abaeis Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (7): 97; TS: Papilio nicippe Cramer
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
- = Eurema (Eurema); [AfrL]
Terias Swainson, 1821; Zool. Illustr. (1) 1: pl. 22; TS: Papilio hecabe Linnaeus
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
- = Eurema (Terias); [AfrL]
Xanthidia Boisduval & Le Conte, [1829]; Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (5/6): 48; TS: Papilio nicippe Cramer
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
- = Eurema (Eurema); [AfrL]
Lucidia Lacordaire, 1833
- = Eurema; [NL4A], 105
Heurema Agassiz, [1847]; Nom. zool. (Index univ.): 181 (emend. Eurema Hübner, [1819])
- = Eurema; [NL4A], 105
Pyrisitia Butler, 1870; Cistula ent. 1 (3): 35, 55; TS: Papilio proterpia Fabricius
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
Sphaenogona Butler, 1870; Cistula ent. 1 (3): 35, 44; TS: Terias bogotana C. & R. Felder
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52; [NL4A], 105
- = Eurema (Eurema); [AfrL]
Maiva Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1893; Rhop. Exot. [3] 2: (Lycaenidae) 96; TS: Maiva sulphurea Grose-Smith & Kirby
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
- = Eurema (Eurema); [AfrL]
Kibreeta Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 36; TS: Papilio libythea Fabricius
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
- = Eurema (Eurema); [AfrL]
Nirmula Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 40; TS: Terias venata Moore
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
- = Eurema (Eurema); [AfrL]
Teriocolias Röber, [1909]; in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 5: 89; TS: Terias atinas Hewitson
- = Eurema; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 52
- = Eurema (Eurema); [AfrL]

Abaeis; [P&N23]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Abaeis (Coliadinae); [NL4A], 105; [MC2]: 29 (list)
Abaeis (Euremini); Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021, Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3): 7
Eurema; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13; [P&N23]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW] ; [NHM-BMW]
Eurema (Coliadinae); [AfrL]; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 97; [NL4A], 105; [MC2]: 29 (list)
Eurema (Euremini); Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021, Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3): 7
Kibreeta; [NHM-BMW]
Kibretta; Sharpe, [1908], Zool. Rec. 43: 314 (missp.); [NHM-BMW]
Lucidia; [NHM-BMW]
Maiva; [NHM-BMW]
Nirmula; [NHM-BMW]
Pyrisita; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 11 (missp.)
Pyrisitia; [P&N23]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Pyrisitia (Coliadinae); [NL4A], 105; [MC2]: 29 (list)
Pyrisitia (Euremini); Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021, Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3): 7
Sphaenogona; [NHM-BMW]
Terias; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 154; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Terias (Callidryini); Korb & Bolshakov, 2011, Eversmannia Suppl. 2: 24
Terias (Euremini); Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021, Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3): 7
Terias (Pierinae); Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 118
Teriocolias; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 11; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Teriocolias (Coliadinae); [NL4A], 107
Teriocolias (Euremini); Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021, Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3): 7
Xanthidia; [NHM-BMW]

450x365 (~25Kb) Venezuela, Yacambu park near Barquisimeto, July 2002, Photo © Simon Coombes	700x800 (~63Kb) USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 3.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela	600x400 (~85Kb) underside India: Subansiri, 3.11.2005, Photo © Kedar Tokekar
940x844 (~156Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Ratanakiri Province, Yorn village, the O'Tabok River right bank, 5th June 2013, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Eurema ada (Distant & Pryer, 1887)

-. See [maps]

Terias ada Distant & Pryer, 1887; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 19 (112): 271

Eurema ada; [BOR], 184; [MRS], 226; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

E. a. ada Swarawk

Eurema ada ada; [BOR], 184; [iNaturalist]

E. a. iona Talbot, 1939 Burma, Peninsular Malaya, Singapore, S.Thailand, Indo-China

Eurema ada iona Talbot, 1939; Fauna Brit. Ind., Butts (ed. 2) 1: 537; TL: Selangor, Malaysia

Eurema ada iona; [BOR], 184; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 18-19; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. a. indosinica Yata, 1991 Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam

Eurema ada indosinica Yata, 1991; Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 10: 15, pl. 15, f. 1-8; TL: Doi Inthanon, N.Thailand

Eurema ada indosinica; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. a. prabha Fruhstorfer, 1910² Philippines (Palawan)

ada prabha Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 170

Eurema ada prabha; [BOR], 184
Eurema prabha; [iNaturalist]

E. a. yaksha Fruhstorfer, 1910² Natuna Is.

ada yaksha Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 170

Eurema ada yaksha; [BOR], 184

E. a. toba (de Nicéville, [1896]) NE.Sumatra

Terisa toba de Nicéville, [1896]; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 64 Pt.II (3): 496; TL: NE.Sumatra

Eurema ada toba; [BOR], 184
Eurema toba; [iNaturalist]

E. a. varga Fruhstorfer² W.Java

Eurema ada varga; [BOR], 184
Eurema varga Fruhstorfer;

E. a. choui Gu, 1994 Hainan

Eurema ada choui Gu, 1994; in Chou, Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2: 754, 226; TL: Jianfengling

Eurema alitha (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

-. See [maps]

Terias alitha C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9): 289; TL: Mindanao
?Terias invida Butler, 1883; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 11 (66): 418; TL: Pasananca valley, Mindanao

Eurema (Terias) alitha; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98
Eurema alitha; [BOR], 186; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias alitha; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)
?Eurema invida;
?Terias invida; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)

E. a. alitha Philippines (Mindanao)

Eurema alitha alitha; [BOR], 186

E. a. lorquini (C. & R. Felder, 1865) S.Sulawesi

Terias lorquinii C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 209

Eurema (Terias) alitha lorquini; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Terias lorquinii; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)

E. a. zita (C. & R. Felder, 1865) Sulawesi, Banggai, ?Sula Is.

Terias zita C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 210; TL: Celebes
?Terias zama C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 210; TL: Celebes

Eurema (Terias) alitha zita; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema alitha zita; [BOR], 186
Eurema tilaha zita;
Eurema zita;
Terias zita; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terisa rahel group)
?Terias zama; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)

E. a. gradiens (Butler) N.Borneo

Terias gradiens Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223, pl. 5, f. 9 (Terias rahel group); TL: Borneo

Eurema alitha gradiens; [BOR], 186
Eurema gradiens; [iNaturalist]
Eurema tilaha gradiens;
alitha gradiens; [BOR], 186
gradiens Butler;

E. a. bidens (Butler, 1886) Sumatra

Terias bidens Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 221, pl. 5, f. 7 (Terias diversa group); TL: Sumatra
Terias latilimbata Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 222, pl. 5, f. 5 (Terias diversa group); TL: Sumatra
- = ; Shirôzu & Yata, 1981, Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 61
?Terias hecabe borneensis Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 167, pl. 73 row e; TL: Borneo

Eurema hecabe latilimbata; [BOR], 183; [iNaturalist]

E. a. djampeana Fruhstorfer, 1908² Tanahdjampea

Eurema (Terias) alitha djampeana; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema alitha djampeana; [BOR], 186
Eurema djampeana; [iNaturalist]

E. a. sangira Fruhstorfer, 1910² Sangihe

alitha sangira Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171

Eurema (Terias) alitha sangira; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema alitha sangira; [BOR], 186
Eurema tilaha sangira;

E. a. sankapura (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Bawean

alitha sankapura Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 167
- = Eurema hecabe suava; Talbot, 1943, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (11) 10 (62): 139

Eurema alitha sankapura; Shirôzu & Yata, 1981, Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 61
Eurema hecabe sankapura;

E. a. chemus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Alor

Eurema alitha chemus; Shirôzu & Yata, 1981, Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 61
hecabe chemus;

E. a. jalendra (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Palawan

Eurema alitha hondai Morishita, 1973; Tyô to Ga 24 (4): 99; TL: Ransang, Palawan
- = ; Shirôzu & Yata, 1981, Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 61

Eurema alitha jalendra; [BOR], 187
Eurema hecabe jalendra; Morishita, 1973, Tyô to Ga 24 (4): 99
Eurema jalendra; [iNaturalist]

E. a. samarana Fruhstorfer, 1910² Philippines (Samar)

alitha samarana Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 170

Eurema alitha samarana; [BOR], 186
Eurema samarana; [iNaturalist]

E. a. garama Fruhstorfer, 1910² Sulu Is.

alitha garama Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 170

Eurema alitha garama; [BOR], 186
Eurema garama; [iNaturalist]

E. a. sanama (Fruhstorfer, 1913) Sula Is.

Terias alitha sanama Fruhstorfer, 1913; Ent. Rundschau 30 (16): 92; TL: Sula

Eurema alitha sanama; [BOR], 187
Eurema sanama; [iNaturalist]

E. a. bozonia (Fruhstorfer, 1913) Jolo

Terias alitha bozonia Fruhstorfer, 1913; Ent. Rundschau 30 (16): 92; TL: Jolo

E. a. gunjii Shirôzu & Yata, 1981 Ceram

Eurema alitha gunjii Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 55; TL: Indonesia, Cerma, Kamarian

E. a. halmaherana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981 Halmahera

Eurema alitha halmaherana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 57; TL: Indonesia, Halmahera I., Djailolo

E. a. novaguineensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1982 Papua

Eurema alitha novaguineensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1982; Tyô to Ga 33 (1,2): 25 (repl. Eurema alitha papuapa Shirôzu & Yata, 1981); TL: W.Irian, Manokwari
Eurema alitha papuana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 59 (preocc. Terias papuana Butler, 1898); TL: W.Irian, Manokwari

Eurema andersoni (Moore, 1886)

Sikkim - Assam, Burma, Ceylon, Peninsular India. See [maps] One-spot Grass Yellow

Terias andersonii [= andersoni] Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 47; TL: Mergui, S.Myanmar

Eurema (Terias) andersoni;
Eurema andersoni; [BOR], 186; [MRS], 226; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]
Eurema andersonii; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 10
Terias andersoni; [BIR], 454

E. a. andersoni Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand, Indo-China

Eurema andersoni andersoni; [BOR], 186; [iNaturalist]
Eurema andersonii andersonii; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 7-8; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. a. godana Fruhstorfer, 1910 Taiwan

andersoni godana Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 169

Eurema andersoni godama[sic?]; [BOR], 186; [MRS], 226

E. a. udana Fruhstorfer, 1910 W.Java

andersoni udana Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 169

Eurema andersoni udana; [BOR], 186

E. a. ormistoni Watkins, 1925² Ceylon, ?S.India

andersoni ormistoni Watkins, 1925²; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 30: 714

Eurema andersoni ormistoni; [BOR], 186
Eurema ormistoni; ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

E. a. anamba Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932 Anambas Is.

andersoni anamba Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 178, pl. 4, f. 13; TL: Anamba Is.

Eurema andersoni anamba; [BOR], 186

E. a. evansi Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932 Andamans

andersoni evansi Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 179

Eurema andersoni evansi; [BOR], 186; [iNaturalist]

E. a. jordani Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932 Sikkim, Bhutan Jordan's Grass Yellow

andersoni jordani Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 180; TL: Sikkim

Eurema (Terias) andersoni jordani; [Torben B. Larsen]
Eurema andersoni jordani; [iNaturalist]
Eurema jordani; [BOR], 184
Terias jordani; [BIR], 454

E. a. konoyi Morishita, 1973 Palawan

Eurema andersoni konoyi Morishita, 1973; Tyô to Ga 24 (4): 102; TL: Taot-Daram, Palawan

Eurema andersoni konoyi; [BOR], 186

E. a. nishiyamai Shirôzu & Yata, 1981 Nias

Eurema andersoni nishiyamai Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 52; TL: Indonesia, Nias, Telukdalam

E. a. kashiwaii Shirôzu & Yata, 1981 Sumba I.

Eurema andersoni kashiwaii Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 54; TL: Indonesia, E.Sumba, Kampata, Wandut, Lewapaku

E. a. sadanobui Shirôzu & Yata, 1982 Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, S.Vietnam, S.Yunnan

Eurema andersoni sadanobui Shirôzu & Yata, 1982; Tyô to Ga 33 (1,2): 25 (repl. _Eurema andersoni inouei Shirözu & Yata, 1981); TL: Cambodia, Kampot, Tuk Chov
Eurema andersoni inouei Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 50 (preocc. Eurema simulatrix inouei Shirôzu & Yata, 1973); TL: Cambodia, Kampot, Tuk Chov

E. a. albida Shirôzu & Yata, 1982 Borneo (Sarawak)

Eurema andersoni albida Shirôzu & Yata, 1982; Tyô to Ga 33 (1,2): 25 (repl. Eurema andersoni borneensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1981); TL: Borneo, E.Malaysia, Sarawak, Santuboung
Eurema andersoni borneensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 52 (preocc. Terias hecabe borneensis Fruhstorfer, 1910); TL: Borneo, E.Malaysia, Sarawak, Santuboung

E. a. shimai Yata & Gaonkar, 1999 S.India

Eurema andersoni shimai Yata & Gaonkar, 1999; Entom. Science 2 (2): 281; TL: Conoor, Nilgiri Hills, S.India

Eurema andersoni shimai; [iNaturalist]

Eurema beatrix (Toxopeus, 1939)

Java. See [maps]

Terias beatrix Toxopeus, 1939; Ent. Meded. Ned.-Ind. 5: 57

Eurema beatrix; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

Eurema blanda (Boisduval, 1836)

Ceylon, Peninsular India - Sikkim, Assam, Burma, Japan. See [maps] Three-spot Grass Yellow

Terias blanda Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 672; TL: Java
Terias phanospila C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 209
Terias citrina Moore, [1881]; Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 119, pl. 45, f. 4, 4a (preocc. Terias citrina Poey, [1852]); TL: Ceylon?
Terias rotundalis Moore, [1881]; Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 120, pl. 46, f. 1, 1a-b; TL: Ceylon?
Terias uniformis Moore, [1881]; Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 120, pl. 46, f. 2, 2a-b; TL: Cyelon?
?Terias blanda saraha Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 169
?Terias norbana depicta Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 172; TL: Amboina
?Terias blanda wuwulana Fruhstorfer, 1912; Ent. Rundschau 29 (5): 35; TL: Matty I.

Eurema (Terias) blanda; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98
Eurema blanda; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 11; [BOR], 184; [MRS], 225; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]
Terias blanda; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (note, Terias blanda group); [BIR], 453
Terias citrina; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)
Terias phanospila; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (Terias hecabe group)
Terias rotundalis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)

E. b. blanda Java, Bali, Enggano

Eurema blanda blanda; [BOR], 184

E. b. snelleni (Moore, [1907]) S.Thailand, Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo

Terias snelleni Moore, [1907]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 78

Eurema blanda snelleni; [BOR], 184; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 16-17; [MRS], 225; [iNaturalist]

E. b. silhetana (Wallace, 1867) Ceylon, India - Indo-China, S.Yunnan

Terias silhetana Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 324; TL: Silhet, NE.India
Terias heliophila Butler, 1885; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 16: 338, pl. 8, f. 2; TL: Assam

Eurema blanda silhetana; [BOR], 184; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Terias heliophila; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)
Terias silhetana; Moore, 1878, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 836; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)

973x1117 (~227Kb) underside Cambodia, Mondukliri Province, 3.5 km ESE of Sen Monorom environs, a rivulet in a woody dell among a savannah plateau, 8th June 2014, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

E. b. moorei (Butler, 1886) ?Andamans, Nicobars

Terias moorei Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216, pl. 5, f. 1 (Terias blanda group); TL: Nicobar I.
?grisea (Evans, 1932) (Terias); Indian Butterflies (edn. 2): 78; TL: Nicobar I.

Eurema blanda moorei; [BOR], 184

E. b. natuna Fruhstorfer, 1910² Natuna Is.

blanda natuna Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 169; TL: Natuna Is.

Eurema blanda natuna; [BOR], 184

E. b. arsakia (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Japan, Taiwan

Eurema arsakia Fruhstorfer, 1910;
Eurema blanda arsakia; [BOR], 184; [MRS], 225; [iNaturalist]

E. b. hylama Corbet & Pendlebury Hainan

Eurema blanda hylama; [BOR], 184; [MRS], 225; [iNaturalist]
Eurema hylama Corbet & Pendlebury;

E. b. rileyi Corbet & Pendlebury S.China

Eurema blanda rileyi; [BOR], 184; [MRS], 225
Eurema rileyi Corbet & Pendlebury;

E. b. acandra (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Hong Kong

blanda acandra (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Terias); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 169

Eurema blanda acandra; [BOR], 184
Eurema blanda acandre[sic?]; [MRS], 225

E. b. visellia Fruhstorfer² Philippines (Luzon)

Eurema blanda visellia; [BOR], 184
Eurema visellia Fruhstorfer;

E. b. vallivolans (Butler, 1883) Philippines (Mindanao)

Terias vallivolans Butler, 1883; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 11 (66): 420; TL: Pasananca valley, Mindanao

Eurema blanda vallivolans; Morishita, 1973, Tyô to Ga 24 (4): 101; [BOR], 184
Terias vallivolans; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)

E. b. mensia Fruhstorfer² Philippines (Samar, Bohol, Leyte)

Eurema blanda mensia; [BOR], 184
Eurema mensia Fruhstorfer;

E. b. norbana Fruhstorfer, 1910² N.Sulawesi, Talaud, Sangihe, Banggai, Sula

Eurema (Terias) blanda norbana; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema blanda norbana; [BOR], 184
Eurema norbana; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 16

E. b. odinia Fruhstorfer, 1910² S.Sulawesi, Sula Is.

Eurema (Terias) blanda odinia; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema blanda odinia; [BOR], 184

E. b. sanapati Fruhstorfer² Lesser Sunda Is.

Eurema blanda sanapati; [BOR], 184
Eurema sanapati Fruhstorfer;

E. b. laratensis (Butler, 1883) Timor

Terias laratensis Butler, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883: 369, pl. 38, f. 3; TL: Larat I.

Eurema blanda laratensis; [BAUR], 163
Terias laratensis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)

E. b. cungata (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Ambon, Serang

Terias blanda cungata Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 169; TL: Amboina

Eurema blanda cungata; [BAUR], 163

E. b. indecisa Butler² Moluccas - New Guinea

Eurema blanda indecisa; [BAUR], 163 (text)
Eurema indecisa Butler;

E. b. sahara (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Papua

Eurema brigitta (Stoll, [1780])

Tropical Africa, AS, AU. See [maps]

Papilio brigitta Stoll, [1780]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 82, pl. 331, f. B, C; TL: Guinea, W.Africa

Eurema (Eurema) brigitta; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 61; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 97; [AfrL]
Eurema brigita[sic, brigitta]; Kudrna, 1974, Atalanta 5: 96
Eurema brigitta; [BOR], 182; [MRS], 226; [PBSA]; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.: (120-140) ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias brigitta; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 214 (Terias drona group); [iNaturalist]

E. b. brigitta Tropical Africa Small Grass Yellow

Terias zoe Hopffer, 1855; Ber. Verh. Akad. Berlin 1855: 640 [wet-season]
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 67; [AfrL]
Terias caffra C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 213
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 67; [AfrL]
Terias candace C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 213
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 67; [AfrL]
Terias seruli Westwood, 1881; in Oates, Matabeland: 342; TL: Botswana
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 67; [AfrL]
Maiva sulphurea Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1893; Rhop. Exot. [3] 2: (Lycaenidae) 96, pl. 21, f. 13; TL: Lake Nyassa
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 67; [AfrL]
Teria eximia Thurau, 1903; Berl. ent. Z. 48: 143; TL: Tanzania
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 67; [AfrL]
Eurema brigitta brigitta; [BK], 124

Eurema brigitta brigitta; [BAFR], 55; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 67; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]
Terias candace; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)
Terias zoe; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)

E. b. pulchella (Boisduval, 1833) Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoro Is., Aldabra Is.

Xanthidia pulchella Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 20, pl. 2, f. 7

Eurema (Eurema) brigitta pulchella; [MadL]
Eurema brigitta pulchella; [BAFR], 55 (text); Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 5-6; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 68; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]
Terias pulchella; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)

E. b. drona (Horsfield, [1829]) Sumatra, Java - Lombok

Terias drona Horsfield, [1829]; Descr. Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (2): 137, (1): pl. 1, f. 13; TL: Java

Eurema brigitta drona; [BOR], 182
Terias drona; Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 120, pl. 46, f. 3, 3a; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 214 (Terias drona group)
Terias libythea drona; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 114

E. b. lerna (Felder, 1860) Halmahera, Timor, Ambon, Ceram

Terias lerna Felder, 1860; Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 40 (11): 448

Eurema brigitta lerna; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 75
Terias lerna; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)

E. b. senna (C. & R. Felder, [1865]) Peninsular Malaya, Singapore

Terias senna C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 212

Eurema brigitta senna; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 20; [BOR], 182; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 71
Terias senna; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (Terias drona group)

E. b. fruhstorferi (Moore, [1906]) E.Indo-China

Terias fruhstorferi Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 40

Eurema brigitta fruhstorferi; [BOR], 182

E. b. dionysia (Hulstaert, 1923) Tenimber

Terias libythea dionysia Hulstaert, 1923; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 11 (65): 623; TL: Olilit (Jamdena), Tenimber

Eurema brigitta dionysia; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 75

E. b. nebulosa (Kishida, 1933) Palau Is.

Terias hecabe nebulosa Kishida, 1933; 790; TL: Palau I.
Terias hecabe angusta Kishida, 1933; 790
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 74

Eurema brigitta nebulosa; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 74

E. b. ina Eliot, 1956 S.Sulawesi, Muna

Eurema brigitta ina Eliot, 1956; Bull. Raffles Mus. 27: 38; TL: Sulawesi, Malino

Eurema brigitta ina; [BOR], 182; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 74; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 97

E. b. hainana (Moore, 1878) Hainan

Terias hainana Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 700; TL: Hainan

Eurema brigitta hainana; [BOR], 182; [MRS], 226; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 70; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. b. rubella (Wallace, 1867) Ceylon, India, Burma - S.China, Nicobars Small Grass Yellow

Terias rubella Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 323; TL: Calcutta
- = Terias santana; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)
Papilio libythea Fabricius, 1798; Ent. Syst. (Suppl.): 427 (preocc. Papilio libythea Fabricius, 1775)
- = Eurema brigitta; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 61

Eurema brigitta rubella; [BOR], 182; [MRS], 226; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 69; [iNaturalist]
Eurema libythea; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 15
Terias libythea; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group); [BIR], 450

E. b. formosana Matsumura, 1919 Taiwan

Eurema libythea f. formosana Matsumura, 1919; Thous. Ins. Japan. Addit. 3: 510, pl. 34, f. 13; TL: Formosa
- = Eurema brigitta hainana; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 70
?Eurema dorothea Nakahara, 1922; Entomologist 55: 123; TL: Formosa, Horisha
- = Eurema brigitta hainana; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 70

Eurema brigitta formosana; [BOR], 182; [MRS], 226

E. b. yunnana (Mell, 1943) W.Yunnan

Maiva yunnana Mell, 1943; 126
- = Eurema brigitta rubella; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 69

Eurema brigitta yunnana; [MRS], 226

E. b. zoraide (C. & R. Felder, 1865) Australia, New Guinea, Papua

Terias zoraide C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 213
Terias australis Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 321; TL: Australia, Moreton Bay
- = Terias zoraide; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 214
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 76

Eurema brigitta australis; [BAUR], 162
Eurema brigitta zoraide; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 76
Terias zoraide; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 214 (Terias drona group)

E. b. sincera Shirôzu & Yata, 1982 New Guinea

Eurema brigitta sincera Shirôzu & Yata, 1982; Tyô to Ga 33 (1,2): 25 (repl. Eurema brigitta papuana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981); TL: NE.Papua New Guinea, Kundiawa
Eurema brigitta papuana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 49 (preocc. Eurema candida papuana Butler, 1898); TL: NE.Papua New Guinea, Kundiawa

Eurema brigitta sincera; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 76

Eurema candida (Stoll, [1782])

Moluccas. See [maps]

Papilio candida Stoll, [1782]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 82, pl. 331, f. A; TL: Amboina

Eurema candida; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 286; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 12; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias candida; [EBW]

E. c. candida Buru, Ambon, Serang

Eurema candida candida; [BAUR], 162 (text)

E. c. salomonis (Butler, 1898) Alu, Fauro Is.

Terias salomonis Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): ?; TL: Solomon Is.

Eurema candida salomonis; [BAUR], 162
Eurema salomonis Butler, 1898;

E. c. liberia Fruhstorfer² Bachan, Halmahera, Morotai, Ternate

Eurema candida liberia; [BAUR], 162 (text)
Eurema liberia Fruhstorfer;

E. c. dindymene Fruhstorfer² Obi

Eurema candida dindymene; [BAUR], 162 (text)
Eurema dindymene Fruhstorfer;

E. c. papuana (Butler, 1898) Misool

Terias papuana Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): 60; TL: Misol

Eurema candida papuana; [BAUR], 162
Eurepa candida papuana; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 7

E. c. diotima (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Vulcan I., New Guinea

Terias candida diotima Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 172; TL: German New Guinea and Vulcan

Eurema candida diotina[sic]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 8
Eurema puella diotima;

E. c. octogesa Fruhstorfer, 1910² Waigeu

candida octogesa Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 172; TL: Waigeu
Terias candida octegesia[sic] ♀ f. biakensis Joicey & Talbot, 1917; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 20 (117): 218; TL: Waigeu; Biak

Eurema candida octogesa; [BAUR], 162 (text)

E. c. xanthomelaena (Godman & Salvin, 1879) New Britain, New Ireland, Duke of York Group

Terias xanthomelaena Godman & Salvin, 1879; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879: 159
digentia (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Terias); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 172

Eurema candida xanthomelaena; [BAUR], 162
Terias xanthomelaena; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 224 (note, Terias candida group)

E. c. woodfordi (Butler, 1898) Guadalcanal, Malaita, Florida Is., Shortland Group

Terias woodfordi Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): ?; TL: Solomon Is.?

Eurema candida woodfordi; [BAUR], 162 (text)
Eurema woodfordi Butler, 1898;

Eurema celebensis (Wallace, 1867)

-. See [maps]

Terias celebensis Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 327, pl. 6, f. 1; TL: Macassar, Menado, Sulla Islands

Eurema (Terias) celebensis; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema celebensis; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 20 (text); [BOR], 188; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias celebensis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 224 (Terias candida group)

E. c. celebensis N.Sulawesi

Eurema (Terias) celebensis celebensis; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema celebensis celebensis; [BOR], 188

E. c. exophthalma Fruhstorfer, 1910² Banggai, Sula Is.

?poetelia Fruhstorfer

Eurema (Terias) celebensis exophthalma; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema celebensis exophthalma; [BOR], 188

E. c. toalarum Fruhstorfer² S.Sulawesi

Eurema celebensis toalarum; [BOR], 188
Eurema toalarum Fruhstorfer;

Eurema desjardinsii (Boisduval, 1833)

E.Cape - Transkei - Natal, Rhodesia, Madagascar, AF. See [maps] Angled Grass Yellow

Xanthidia desjardinsii Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 22, pl. 2, f. 6 [summer]

Eurema (Eurema) desjardinsii; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 97; [AfrL]
Eurema desjardinsii; [PBSA]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias desjardinsii; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (note, Terias blanda group); [iNaturalist]

E. d. desjardinsii Madagascar, Comoro Is.

Terias aliena Butler, 1880; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 5 (28): 337; TL: Madagascar
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 101; [AfrL]
Terias desjardinsi ab. drueti Dufrane, 1947; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 83 (1/2): 67; TL: Madagascar
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 101; [AfrL]

Eurema (Eurema) desjardinsii desjardinsii; [MadL]
Eurema desjardinsi desjardinsi; [BAFR], 55
Eurema desjardinsii desjardinsii; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 101; [AfrL]; [iNaturalist]

E. d. marshalli (Butler, 1897) Kenya

Terias marshalli Butler, 1897; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1897: 851, pl. 50, f. 9 [dry-season]
- = Eurema desjardinsii regularis; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 102
Terias desjardinsi f. philonoe Stoneham, 1957; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (70): [3]; TL: Kenya
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias desjardinsi f. dulcinea Stoneham, 1957; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (70): [3]; TL: Kenya
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias desjardinsi marshalli f. pseudoregularis Berger, 1981; Les Papillons du Zaire: 83
- = ; [AfrL]

Eurema desjardinsii marshalli; [AfrL]

?Eurema ecriva (Butler, 1873)

Sphaenogona ecriva Butler, 1873; Cistula ent. 1: 175
Sphaenogona ecriva Butler, 1870; Cistula ent. 1: 35? (nom. nud.)

Eurema esakii Shirôzu, 1953 Taiwan

Eurema esakii; [BOR], 183; [MRS], 226; [iNaturalist]

Eurema floricola (Boisduval, 1833)

Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion, Comoros, East Africa (coastal), Zaire, Kenya. See [maps] Malagasy Grass Yellow

Xanthidia floricola Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 21; TL: Madagascar

Eurema (Terias) floricola; [AfrL]
Eurema floricola; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]
Terias floricola; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group); [iNaturalist]

E. f. floricola Madagascar

Terias smilacina C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 208
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias boisduvaliana Mabille, [1887]; Hist. Phys. Nat. Pol. Madag.: 252; TL: Madagascar
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias arisba Mabille, [1887]; Hist. Phys. Nat. Pol. Madag.: 252; TL: Madagascar
- = ; [AfrL]

Eurema (Terias) floricola floricola; [MadL]; [AfrL]
Eurema floricola floricola; [BAFR], 55; [iNaturalist]
Terias floricola floricola; [iNaturalist]
Terias smilacina; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (note, Terias smilax group)

E. f. anjuana (Butler, 1879) Comoro Is.

Terias anjuana Butler, 1879; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 3 (15): 189; TL: Johanna I.
Terias decipiens Butler, 1879; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 3 (15): 189; TL: Johanna I.
- = ; [AfrL]

Eurema (Terias) floricola anjuana; [AfrL]
Eurema floricola anjuana; [BAFR], 55 (text); [iNaturalist]
Terias anjuana; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias decipiens; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)

E. f. ceres (Butler, 1886) Mauritius, Réunion Is.

Terias ceres Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 218, pl. 5, f. 3 (Terias senegalensis group); TL: Mauritius

Eurema (Terias) floricola ceres; [AfrL]
Eurema floricola ceres; [BAFR], 55 (text); [iNaturalist]

E. f. leonis (Butler, 1886) Sierra Leone

Terias leonis Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 222, pl. 5, f. 6 (Terias hecabe group); TL: Sierra Leone
Eurema floricola nivea Berger, 1981; Les Papillons du Zaire: 82; TL: Lusambo
- = Eurem floricola leonis; [AfrL]

Eurema (Terias) floricola leonis; [AfrL]
Eurema floricola leonis; [iNaturalist]
Eurema floricola nivea; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 4

E. f. aldabrensis Bernardi, 1969 Aldabra I.

Eurema floricola aldabrensis Bernardi, 1969; Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 73 (7-8): 194; TL: Aldabra

Eurema (Terias) floricola aldabrensis; [AfrL]
Eurema floricola aldabrensis; [BAFR], 55 (text); [iNaturalist]

?Eurema halmaherana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981²

Eurema halmaherana; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

Eurema hapale (Mabille, 1882)

Tropical Africa, Madagascar. See [maps] Pale Grass Yellow Marsh Grass Yellow

Terial hapale Mabille, 1882; Le Naturaliste 2 (13): 99; TL: Madagascar
Terias hapale var. hibernia Neustetter, 1916; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 30 (1): 96; TL: Uganda
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias hapale f. raritas Stoneham, 1957; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (70): [3]; TL: Uganda
- = ; [AfrL]

Eurema (Terias) hapale; [MadL]; [AfrL]
Eurema hapale; [BK]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias hapale; Mabille, 1887, Hist. Madag. 18 (Lép. 1): 250, pl. 32, f. 6-7; [iNaturalist]

Eurema hecabe (Linnaeus, 1758)

AF, AS, AU. See [maps] Common Grass Yellow

Papilio hecabe Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 470; TL: S.China, Hong Kong
?Papilio hecabe Linnaeus, 1764; Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 249
Papilio luzoniensis Linnaeus, 1764; Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 249; TL: Luzon
Papilio rahel Fabricius, 1787; Mantissa Insectorum 2: 22; TL: India
Papilio chrysopterus Gmelin, 1790; in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. (edn 13) 1 (5): 2261
Terias suava Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 670
Terias sinensis Lucas, 1852; Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (9): 429; TL: China
Terias hecabeoides Ménétriés, 1855; Cat. lep. Petersb. 2: 85, 1: pl. 2, f. 2
Terias aesiope Ménétriés, 1855; Cat. lep. Petersb. 2: 85, 1: pl. 2, f. 3; TL: "Haiti"
Terias anemone C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (1): 23; TL: Ningpo; Hong Kong
Terias nikobariensis Felder, 1862; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 12 (1/2): 480
Terias fimbriata Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 323; TL: Mussooree
Terias hebridina Butler, [1876]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1875 (4): 617, pl. 67, f. 8; TL: Tanna, New Hebrides
Terias inanata Butler, [1876]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1875 (4): 617; TL: Mota I.; Erromango, New Hebrides
Terias pumilaris Butler, [1876]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1875 (4): 617, pl. 67, f. 7; TL: Tanna, New Hebrides
Terias lifuana Butler, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (118): 355; TL: Lifu, Loyalty Is.
- = Eurema hecabe sulphurata; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 287
Terias sinapina Butler, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (118): 355; TL: Lifu, Loyalty Is.
- = Eurema hecabe sulphurata; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 287
Terias arcuata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 700; TL: Hainan
Terias attenuata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 700; TL: Hainan
Terias subdecorata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 699; TL: Hainan
Terias connexiva Butler, 1880; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1880 (4): 199, pl. 6, f. 12
Terias hybrida Butler, 1880; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1880 (4): 199
Terias mariesii Butler, 1880; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1880 (4): 198, pl. 6, f. 1
Terias unduligera Butler, 1880; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1880: 668; TL: Formosa
Terias simulata Moore, [1881]; Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 110, pl. 45, f. 2, 2a
Terias apicalis Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 253, pl. 12, f. 2; TL: Kangra
Terias excavata Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 252; TL: Kangra
Terias irregularis Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 253, pl. 12, f. 3; TL: Kangra
Terias purreea Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 252; TL: Kangra
Terias multiformis Pryer, 1882; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1882 (3): 489
Terias narcissus Butler, 1883
Terias asphodelus Butler, 1884
Terias fraterna Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 46, pl. 4, f. 6; TL: Mergui
Terias kana Moore, 1886
Terias merguiana Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 47, pl. 4, f. 7; TL: Mergui
Terias patruelis Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 46, pl. 4, f. 5; TL: Mergui
Terias anguligera Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 224, pl. 5, f. 10 (Terias rahel group); TL: Tondano
Terias simplex Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (Terias floricola group); TL: Kangra, NW.Himalayas
Terias swinhoei Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (Terias floricola group); TL: Bombay; Poona
Terias aesiopeoides Moore, 1906
Terias andamana Moore, 1907
Terias blairiana Moore, 1907
Terias hecabe stankapura Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 167; TL: Bawean, Java, Bali and Lombok
Terias blanda acandra Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 169; TL: Hong Kong
Terias enganica Fruhstorfer, 1910
Terias locana Fruhstorfer, 1910
Terias sintica Fruhstorfer, 1910
Terias yaksha Fruhstorfer, 1910
?Terias taiwana Matsumura, 1919; Thous. Ins. Japan. Addit. 3: 512; TL: ?Japan
?Terias hecabe f. accentifera Martin, 1920; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 34 (3/4): 199
Terias paroeana Strand, 1922; Ent. Zs. 36 (5): 19; TL: Formosa
Terias rotundata Kishida, 1932
Eurema cephrens Corbet, 1941
Eurema telloana Corbet, 1941
Eurema ab. jacouleti Nakahara, 1941; Zephyrus 9: 1-3

Eurema (Terias) hecabe; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98; [AfrL]
Eurema aesiope;
Eurema hecabe anemone; [MRS], 225
Eurema hecabe subdecorata; [MRS], 225
Eurema hecabe; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 14; [BAUR]; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 286; [BOR], 183; [MRS], 225; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.: (120-140) ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
Eurema hecabeoides;
Eurema yaksha; [iNaturalist]
Terias aesiope; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (Terias aesiope group)
Terias anemone; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias apicalis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias asphodelus; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias attenuata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (Terias blanda group)
Terias connexiva; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (note, Terias blanda group)
Terias excavata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (Terias hecabe group)
Terias fimbriata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (Terias blanda group)
Terias hebridina; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (note, Terias aesiope group)
Terias hecabe; Moore, 1878, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 836; Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 118, pl. 45, f. 1, 1a-c; Wood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1881, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 49 Pt.II (4): 235; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (Terias hecabe group); Piepers & Snellen, 1909, Rhop. Java [1]: 58, pl. 4, f. 3a-i; [BIR], 453; [EBW]; Korb & Bolshakov, 2011, Eversmannia Suppl. 2: 24; [iNaturalist]
Terias hecabeoides; Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 119, pl. 45, f. 3, 3a-b; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (Terias hecabe group)
Terias hybrida; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias inanata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (note, Terias aesiope group)
Terias irregularis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias lifuana; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias mariesii; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)
Terias narcissus; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (note, Terias blanda group)
Terias nicobariensis[sic, nikobariensis]; Wallace, 1867, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 325; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)
Terias pumilaris; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias purreea; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)
Terias rahel; Boisduval, 1836, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 673; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)
Terias simulata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)
Terias sinapina; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 216 (note, Terias floricola group)
Terias suava; Moore, 1878, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 836; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)
Terias unduligera; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (note, Terias aesiope group)

Misidentified/misapplied:

Terias patruelis; Butler, 1888, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1888: 545
- = Terias amplexa; Butler, 1900, Mon. Christmas Isl.: 63
Terias fimbriata; Moore, 1882, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 253
- = Terias simplex; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217

identification uncertain 769x513 (~82Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	identification uncertain 769x513 (~76Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	598x552 (~53Kb) underside A forest road at a small pond in the forest, Seonheul-ri, Jocheon-eup, Bukjeju-gun, Jeju-do Island, S Korea. 31st of July 2002, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
844x584 (~56Kb) underside A forest road at a small pond in the forest, Seonheul-ri, Jocheon-eup, Bukjeju-gun, Jeju-do Island, S Korea. 31st of July 2002, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	450x704 (~27Kb) underside The Oda-River bank, Ikazaki Town (Ikazaki-cho), Echime Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan. 7th August 2002, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	749x897 (~73Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien beach, a wasting land behind Jomtien Holiday Hotel, 2nd January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
880x998 (~99Kb) ♂ ♀ underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1292x1186 (~179Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	600x400 (~53Kb) underside India: Pune, 21.9.2008 © Kedar Tokekar
1136x926 (~36Kb) Bata, Rio Muni, VIII-1966, Photo © Garcia-Barros, 2003

E. h. hecabe

Eurema hecabe hecabe; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 2; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

874x1067 (~175Kb) ♂ ♀ Cambodia, Mondukliri Province, Sen Monorom environs, a rivulet, the left tributary of the main river at Monorom Waterfall, 13th June 2014, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	590x798 (~124Kb) ♂ ♀ Cambodia, Mondukliri Province, Sen Monorom environs, a rivulet, the left tributary of the main river at Monorom Waterfall, 13th June 2014, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1579x1063 (~541Kb) underside Cambodia, Mondulkiri Province, Seima Forest, 34 km SW of Sen Monorom, a forest rivulet, 17th June 2014, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
946x930 (~279Kb) underside Cambodia, Mondulkiri Province, Seima Forest, 34 km SW of Sen Monorom, a forest rivulet, 17th June 2014, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1073x857 (~315Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, the Thma Bang River left tributary downstream the bridge, 7 km SW Thma Bang village, 21th March 2015, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

E. h. latimargo (Hopffer, 1874) Sulawesi, Buton, Muna

Terias latimargo Hopffer, 1874; Stettin ent. Ztg 35 (1-3): 25; TL: Celebes

Eurema (Terias) hecabe latimargo; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98
Eurema hecabe latimargo; [iNaturalist]
Eurema latimargo;
Terias latimargo; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)

E. h. hobsoni (Butler, 1880)

Terias hobsoni Butler, 1880; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1880: 668; TL: Formosa

Eurema hecabe hobsoni; [MRS], 225
Terias hobsoni; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (note, Terias aesiope group)

E. h. maroensis (Butler, 1883)

Terias maroensis Butler, 1883; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1883: 368, pl. 38, f. 2; TL: Maroe I.

Terias maroensis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)

E. h. biformis (Butler, 1884) Ambon, Serang

Terias biformis Butler, 1884; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (75): 196; TL: Amboina

Eurema hecabe biformis; [BAUR], 163 (text)
Terias biformis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)
Terias hecabe biformis; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 114

E. h. amplexa (Butler, 1887) Christmas I.

Terias amplexa Butler, 1887; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1887: 523, f. 5; TL: Christmas I.

Eurema hecabe amplexa; [BOR], 183
Terias amplexa; Butler, 1900, Mon. Christmas Isl.: 63

E. h. mandarina (de l'Orza, 1869)

Terias mandarina de l'Orza, 1869; Lep. Jap.: 18; TL: Japan

Eurema hecabe mandarina; Kudrna, 1974, Atalanta 5: 96; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 3
Eurema mandarina; [iNaturalist]
Terias mandarina; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (note, Terias blanda group)

E. h. solifera (Butler, 1875) Afrotropical (savannah and woodlands) Common Grass Yellow Malagasy Grass Yellow

Terias solifera Butler, 1875; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 16 (96): 396; TL: Angola
Terias bisinuata Butler, 1876; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 18 (108): 485 [dry-season]
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias chalcomiaeta Butler, 1879; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 3 (15): 190; TL: Johanna I.
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias dentilimbata Butler, 1879; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 3 (15): 190; TL: Johanna I.
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias bewsheri Butler, 1879; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 3 (15): 190; TL: Johanna I.
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias orientis Butler, 1888; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1888: 71
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias aethiopica Trimen & Bowker, 1889; S-Afr. Butts 3: 21
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias butleri Trimen & Bowker, 1889; S-Afr. Butts 3: 23
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias floricola f. parva Rothschild, 1921; Novit. Zool. 28 (1): 152; TL: Nigeria
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias brenda ab. alba Dufrane, 1945; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 81: 93
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias brenda ab. subalba Dufrane, 1945; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 81: 93
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias floricola ab. alba Dufrane, 1945; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 81: 93
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias brenda ab. maureli Dufrane, 1947; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 83 (1/2): 68; TL: Ethiopia
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias hecabe senegalensis f.? continua Storace, 1949; Ann. Mus. Civ. Nat. Giacomo Doria 64: 18; TL: Somalia
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias hecabe ♀-f. napia Stoneham, 1957; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (70): [3]; TL: Uganda
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias hecabe ♀-f. neria Stoneham, 1957; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (70): [3]; TL: Uganda
- = ; [AfrL]

Eurema (Terias) hecabe solifera; [AfrL]
Eurema floricola orientis; [BK], 122
Eurema hecabe solifera; [BAFR], 54; [BK], 121; [iNaturalist]
Terias bewsheri; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)
Terias bisinuata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)
Terias chalcomiaeta; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)
Terias dentilimbata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group)
Terias solifera; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)

E. h. albina Huang, 1994 Fujian

Eurema hecabe albina Huang, 1994; in Chou, Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium 1-2: 754, 225; TL: Fujian

E. h. brevicostalis Butler² Timer - Kai I.

Terias photophila Butler, 1884; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 13 (75): 196; TL: Ké Dulan

Eurema hecabe brevicostalis; [BAUR], 163
Terias photophila; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)

E. h. diversa (Wallace, 1867) Buru

Terias diversa Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 324; TL: Buru

Eurema hecabe diversa; [BAUR], 163
Terias diversa; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)
Terias hecabe diversa; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 114

E. h. oeta (Fruhstorfer, 1910) West Irian - Papua

Terias hecabe oeta Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 168; TL: New Guinea

Eurema hecabe oeta; [BAUR], 163 (text); [iNaturalist]
Terias hecabe oeta; Rothschild, 1915, Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 114

E. h. sulphurata (Butler, [1876])

Terias sulphurata Butler, [1876]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1875 (4): 617; TL: Maré, Loyalty group
Terias variata Butler, [1876]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1875 (4): 617; TL: Erromango, New Hebrides
Terias aprica Butler, 1883; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 11 (66): 420; TL: Tongatabu

Eurema hecabe sulphurata; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 287; [iNaturalist]
Terias aprica; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (note, Terias aesiope group)
Terias sulphurata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (Terias aesiope group)
Terias variata; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 219 (note, Terias aesiope group)

E. h. phoebus (Butler, 1886) N.Australia

Terias phoebus Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 221, pl. 5, f. 4 (Terias hecabe group); TL: Queensland

Eurema hecabe phoebus; [BAUR], 163; [iNaturalist]

E. h. kerawara Ribbe, 1898 Bismarck Archipelago

Eurema hecabe var. kerawara Ribbe, 1898; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 11 (1): 85
Eurema hecabe var. magna Ribbe, 1898; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 11 (1): 85

Eurema hecabe kerawara; [BAUR], 163 (text)

E. h. contubernalis (Moore, 1886)

Terias contubernalis Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 46; TL: Mergui

Eurema hecabe contubernalis; [MRS], 225; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 14-15; [iNaturalist]

E. h. nivaria Fruhstorfer, 1910² Solomons

hecabe nivaria Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 168

Eurema hecabe nivaria; [BAUR], 163 (text)

E. h. sinda Fruhstorfer, 1910² S.Sulawesi

Eurema (Terias) hecabe sinda; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98

E. h. pylos Fruhstorfer, 1910² Banggai, Sula

Eurema (Terias) hecabe pylos; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98

E. h. dentyris Fruhstorfer, 1910² Salayar, Tanahjampea

Eurema (Terias) hecabe dentyris; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98

E. h. kalidupa Fruhstorfer, 1910² Tukangbesi

Eurema (Terias) hecabe kalidupa; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 98

E. h. novaecaledoniae Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932 New Caledonia

Eurema hecabe novaecaledoniae Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 165

Eurema hecabe novaecaledoniae; Holloway & Peters, 1976, J. Nat. Hist. 10: 287

Eurema herla (MacLeay, [1826])

Australia. See [maps]

Pieris herla MacLeay, [1826]; in King, Narr. Surv. Austr. 2: 460
Terias sinta Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 322
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 93
Terias hespera Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 214; TL: NE.Australia
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 93
Terias immaculata Miskin, 1889; 258; TL: Rockhampton, Queensland
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 93

Eurema (Eurema) herla; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 93
Eurema herla; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 15 (text); [BAUR], 163; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.: (120-140) ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias herla; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 225 (note, Terias herla group)
Terias sinta; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)

Eurema hiurai Shirôzu & Yata, 1977

Philippines (Mindanao). See [maps]

Eurema hiurai Shirôzu & Yata, 1977; Kontyû 45 (3): 343; TL: Palan-Capatagan (1000-1100m), Mt. Apo, Mindanao

Eurema hiurai; [CoL]

E. h. admiranda Morishita, 1981 Palawan

hiurai admiranda Morishita, 1981; Memoirs of the Tsukada Collection, (3): ?

Eurema hiurae[sic?] admiranda; [BOR], 188

Eurema lacteola (Distant, 1886)

Peninsular Malaya, Java, Sumatra, Borneo. See [maps]

Terias lacteola Distant, 1886; Rhopalocera Malayana: 466, f. 129

Eurema lacteola lacteola; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 6
Eurema lacteola; [BOR], 184; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

Eurema laeta (Boisduval, 1836)

India, Ceylon, Burma, Japan, Australia. See [maps] Spotless Grass Yellow

Terias laeta Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 674; TL: Bengal
Terias jaegeri Ménétriés, 1855; Cat. lep. Petersb. 2: 84, 1: pl. 2, f. 1
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 78
Terias venata Moore, 1857; in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy 1: 65, pl. 2a, f. 2
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 78
Terias laetissima Hewitson, 1862; 7, pl. 7, f. 45-46
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 78
Terias santana C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 211

Eurema (Eurema) laeta; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 78
Eurema laeta; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 13; [BOR], 182; [MRS], 225; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.: (120-140) ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
Eurema venata; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 15 (text)
Terias laeta; Moore, 1878, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 836; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 225 (note, Terias herla group); [BIR], 452; [EBW]
Terias santana; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)
Terias venata; Piepers & Snellen, 1909, Rhop. Java [1]: 57, pl. 4, f. 2a-b; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)

600x400 (~31Kb) underside India: Melghat, 4.10.2008, Photo © Kedar Tokekar

E. l. laeta Ceylon, India - W.Hiamalayas

Terias pallitana Moore, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115): 48; TL: Kattywar (Bombay)
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 83

Eurema (Eurema) laeta laeta; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 83
Eurema laeta laeta; [BOR], 182; [iNaturalist]
Terias pallitana; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)

E. l. rama (Moore, 1872)

Terias rama Moore, 1872; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1872 (2): 566; TL: Colombo, Ceylon
Terias cingala Moore, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115): 48; TL: Ceylon
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 85

Eurema (Eurema) laeta rama; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 84
Eurema laeta rama; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 9
Terias cingala; Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 120, pl. 46, f. 4, 4a; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)
Terias rama; Moore, [1881], Lepid. Ceylon 1 (3): 121, pl. 46, f. 5, 5a

E. l. sana (Butler, 1877) Northern Territory - Cape York, Torres Strait Is., Papua

Terias sana Butler, 1877; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1877 (3): 470
- = Eurema laeta; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 78

Eurema (Eurema) laeta sana; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 92
Eurema laeta sana; [iNaturalist]
Eurema sana; [BAUR], 163
Terias sana; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)

E. l. betheseba (Janson, 1878) Japan

Terias betheseba Janson, 1878; Cistula ent. 2: 272; TL: Yokohama
Terias vagans Wallace, 1866; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2): 357; TL: N.India
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88
Terias subfervens Butler, 1883; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 11 (64): 278; TL: S.Corea, "Carzodo Island"
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88
Eurema laeta var. nohirae Matsumura, 1919; 726
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88
Eurema laeta var. unicolor Matsumura, 1919; 726
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88
Eurema laeta ab. eluta Naito, 1930; Zephyrus 2 (3): 151
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88
Terias laeta ab. hyugensis Shirôzu, 1938; Zephyrus 8: 23
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88
Eurema laeta bethesba[sic] ab. kuronashii Hirayama, 1939; 12
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88

Eurema (Eurema) laeta betheseba; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 88
Eurema laeta bethesba[sic, betheseba]; Kudrna, 1974, Atalanta 5: 96
Eurema laeta betheseba; [iNaturalist]
Terias betheseba; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 225 (note, Terias herla group)
Terias vagans; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 225 (note, Terias herla group)

E. l. lineata (Miskin, 1889) Northern Territory - Cape York, Torres Strait Is. Line Grass Yellow

Terias lineata Miskin, 1889; 257
- = Eurema laeta; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 78

Eurema laeta lineata; [BAUR], 163

E. l. sikkima (Moore, [1906]) Sikkim, Assam, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, Hainan

Nirmula sikkima Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 42, pl. 565, f. 4, 4a-b (part); TL: Sikkim
- = Eurema brigitta rubella; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 69 (part)

Eurema (Eurema) laeta sikkima; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 85
Eurema laeta sikkima; [BOR], 183; [MRS], 225; [iNaturalist]

E. l. pseudolaeta (Moore, [1906]) S.Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam

Terias pseudolaeta Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 44, pl. 566, f. 1j-m; TL: Mergui, S.Myanmar
Nirmula annamitica Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 46; TL: Annam; Siam
- = ; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 87

Eurema (Eurema) laeta pseudolaeta; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 87
Eurema laeta pseudolaeta; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. l. semperi (Moore, [1906]) Philippines (Luzon, Benguet Mts.)

Nirmula semperi Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 47; TL: Luzon

Eurema (Eurema) laeta semperi; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 90
Eurema laeta semperi; [BOR], 183

E. l. punctissima (Matsumura, 1909) Taiwan

Terias punctissima Matsumura, 1909; Ent. Zs. 23 (18): 88; TL: Koshun

Eurema (Eurema) laeta punctissima; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 87
Eurema laeta punctissima; [BOR], 183; [MRS], 225

E. l. stigmatica (Rothschild, 1915) Bali

Terias laeta stigmatica Rothschild, 1915; Novit. Zool. 22 (1): 114; TL: Kintamani, Bali, 4000ft

Eurema (Eurema) laeta stigmatica; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 90

E. l. apatosa (Hulstaert, 1923) Tenimber

Terias apatosa Hulstaert, 1923; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 11: 189

Eurema (Eurema) laeta apatosa; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 91

E. l. josepha (Hulstaert, 1924) Key Is.

Terias josepha Hulstaert, 1924; 76

Eurema (Eurema) laeta josepha; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 92

Eurema lombokiana (Fruhstorfer, 1897)

Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores. See [maps]

Terias lombokiana Fruhstorfer, 1897; Misc. ent. 5 (9): 105; TL: Lombok

Eurema lombokiana; [BOR], 186; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias lombokiana; Fruhstorfer, 1897, Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (1/2): 8

Eurema mandarinula (Holland, 1892)

C.Africa, Kenya. See [maps] Mandarin Grass Yellow

Terias mandarinula Holland, 1892; Entomologist 25 (Suppl.): 91; TL: E.Africa
- = Eurema desjardinsii regularis; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 102
Terias mandarinulus Holland, 1896; Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 18 (1062): 242, pl. 7, f. 5
Terias punctinotata Butler, 1895; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1895: 633; TL: Malawi
- = Eurema desjardinsii regularis; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 102
- = ; [AfrL]

Eurema (Eurema) mandarinula; [AfrL]
Eurema mandarinula; [BK], 123; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias mandarinula; [iNaturalist]

Misidentified/misapplied:

desjardinsii f. mandarinula (= Eurema desjardinsii); [PBSA], [dry-season]

Eurema mentawiensis Corbet, 1942² Mentawai Is.

Eurema mentawiensis Corbet, 1942²; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (11) 9 (56): 615-626; TL: Sipora Island

Eurema mentawiensis; [BOR], 186; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

Eurema novapallida Yata, 1992

Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, S.Vietnam. See [maps]

Eurema novapallida Yata, 1992; Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 11: 62, pl. 26, f. 5-8, pl. 27, f. 1-2; TL: Bobla, S.Vietnam
Eurema pallida Shirôzu & Yata, 1973; Sieboldia (4) 3: 132 (preocc.)

Eurema novapallida; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]
Eurema pallida; [BOR], 184

?Eurema nilgiriensis Yata, 1990²

Eurema nilgiriensis; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]

Eurema puella (Boisduval, 1832)

Aru?, Cape York - N.Queensland, New Guinea. See [maps] Broad Margined Grass Yellow

Xanthidia puella Boisduval, 1832; in d'Urville, Voy. Astrolabe (Faune ent. Pacif.) 1: pl. 2, f. 8
Terias virgo Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 328; TL: Aru Islands

Eurema candida puella; [BAUR], 162 (text)
Eurema candida virgo; [BAUR], 162 (text)
Eurema puella; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias puella; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 224 (note, Terias candida group)
Terias virgo; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 224 (note, Terias candida group)

Eurema regularis (Butler, 1876)

East Africa, C.Africa, Ghana. See [maps] Regular Grass Yellow

Terias regularis Butler, 1876; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 18 (108): 486
- = Eurema desjardinsii; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 97
Terias oberthuri Mabille, 1877; Bull. Soc. zool. Fr. 2 (3): 223; TL: Angola
- = Eurema desjardinsii; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 97
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias regularis f. plagiata Berger, 1981; ; TL: :REF#: 84
- = Eurema desjardinsii regularis; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 102
- = ; [AfrL]

Eurema (Eurema) desjardinsii regularis; Yata, 1989, Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist 9: 102
Eurema (Eurema) regularis; [AfrL]
Eurema desjardinsii regularis; [BAFR], 55; [iNaturalist]
Eurema regularis; [BK], 123; [CoL]
Terias regularis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 224 (note, Terias nise group)
desjardinsii f. regularis; [PBSA], [wet-season]

Eurema sari (Horsfield, [1829])

-. See [maps]

Terias sari Horsfield, [1829]; Descr. Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (2): 136

Eurema sari; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 17; [BOR], 186; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM]
Terias sari; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 221 (Terias hecabe group); Piepers & Snellen, 1909, Rhop. Java [1]: 62, pl. 4, f. 4a-d

E. s. sari Java

Eurema sari sari; [BOR], 186; [iNaturalist]

E. s. sodalis (Moore, 1886) S.Burma, Peninsular Malaya, Singapore, Thailand, Indo-China, Sumatra, N.Borneo

Terias sodalis Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 45; TL: Mergui, S.Myanmar

Eurema sari sodalis; [BOR], 186; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 10-11; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

1469x783 (~223Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, a forest rivulet at foothills 10 km E of Koh Kong, 1st June 2014, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

957x1054 (~294Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Koh Kong Province, the Thma Bang River left tributary downstream the bridge, 7 km SW Thma Bang village, 21th March 2015, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

1157x1243 (~543Kb) ♂ underside Cambodia, Preah Sihanouk Province, Kbal Chhay Waterfall, 9th March 2017, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

E. s. thyreus Fruhstorfer² Enggano

Eurema sari thyreus; [BOR], 186
Eurema thyreus Fruhstorfer;

E. s. obucola (Fruhstorfer, 1910) S.Borneo, Natuna, Palawan

Terias sari obucola Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 170; TL: S.Borneo

Eurema sari obucola; [BOR], 186
Eurema sari obucula[sic]; Morishita, 1973, Tyô to Ga 24 (4): 104

E. s. curiosa (Swinhoe, [1885]) ?Bombay

Terias curiosa Swinhoe, [1885]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1884: 508, pl. 47, f. 3

Eurema sari curiosa; [BOR], 186
Terias curiosus; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 220 (note, Terias hecabe group)

Eurema sarilata (Semper, 1891)

-. See [maps]

sarilata (Semper, 1891); Reisen Philipp. (6): 254

Eurema sarilata; [BOR], 186; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

E. s. sarilata N.Philippines - C.Philippines

Eurema sarilata sarilata; [BOR], 186

E. s. mindorana (Butler, 1898) Philippines (Mindoro)

Eurema sarilata mindorana; [BOR], 186

E. s. perplexa Shirôzu & Yata, 1982 Philippines (Basilan)

Eurema sarilata perplexa Shirôzu & Yata, 1982; Tyô to Ga 33 (1,2): 25 (repl. Eurema sarilata bazilana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981); TL: Philippines, Bazilan I., Maloong
Eurema sarilata bazilana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; (preocc. Terias alitha bazilana Fruhstorfer, 1900); TL: Philippines, Bazilan I., Maloong

Eurema sarilata bazilana; [BOR], 186

E. s. aquilo Shirôzu & Yata, 1982 Philippines (Luzon)

Eurema sarilata aquilo Shirôzu & Yata, 1982; Tyô to Ga 33 (1,2): 25 (repl. Eurema sarilata luzonensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1981); TL: Philippines, Luzon, Mt. Maquiling
Eurema sarilata luzonensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyô to Ga 32 (1/2): 54 (preocc. Papilio luzoniensis Linnaeus, 1764); TL: Philippines, Luzon, Mt. Maquiling

Eurema sarilata luzonensis; [BOR], 186

E. s. risa Morishita, 1982 Philippines (Negros)

Eurema sarilata risa; [BOR], 186

E. s. sibuyanensis Yata & Treadaway, 1982 Sibuyan I.

Eurema sarilata sibuyanensis Yata & Treadaway, 1982; Tyô to Ga 33 (1,2): 26; TL: Romblon, Sibuyan Is., Mt. Sibuyan

Eurema senegalensis Boisduval, 1836

Senegal - W.Kenya, Tanzania, W.Uganda - Congo, Cameroun, Nigeria, Liberia, Sierra Leone. See [maps] Forest Grass Yellow

Eurema senegalensis Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 672 [wet-season]
Terias brenda Doubleday, 1847; Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): pl. 9, f. 6 [wet-season]
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias brenda f. maculata Aurivillius, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 13: 64
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias brenda ab. marginata Dufrane, 1947; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 83 (1/2): 68
- = ; [AfrL]
Terias floricola f. ceres ab. mariae Dufrane, 1945; Bull. Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 81: 93
- = ; [AfrL]
hylas Stoneham, 1957; Bull. Stoneham Mus. (70): [3] (repl. _Terias brenda ab. marginata Dufrane, 1947)

Eurema (Terias) senegalensis; [AfrL]
Eurema brenda; [iNaturalist]
Eurema hecabe senegalensis; [PBSA]
Eurema senegalensis; [BK]; [BAFR], 55; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias brenda; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group); [EBW]
Terias senegalensis; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 217 (note, Terias senegalensis group); [iNaturalist]

Eurema simulatrix (Semper, 1891)

-. See [maps]

Terias simulatrix Semper, 1891; Reisen Philipp. (6): 253, pl. 41, f. 7-8

Eurema simulatrix; [BOR], 185; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. s. simulatrix Philippines (Mindanao)

Eurema simulatrix simulatrix; [BOR], 185; [iNaturalist]

E. s. princesae Morishita, 1973 Palawan

Eurema simulatrix princesae Morishita, 1973; Tyô to Ga 24 (4): 100; TL: Taot-Daram, Palawan

Eurema simulatrix princesae; [BOR], 185

E. s. tecmessa (de Nicéville, [1896]) S.Burma, Peninsular Malaya, S.Thailand, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Borneo

Terias tecmessa de Nicéville, [1896]; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 64 Pt.II (3): 498; TL: Sumatra

Eurema simulatrix tecmessa; [BOR], 185; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 12-13; [iNaturalist] ; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. s. sarinoides (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Sikkim - Myanmar, N.Thailand, Laos

Terias hecabe grandis f. sarinoides Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 167; TL: Hinlap, Thailand
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa f. stockleyi Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 167

Eurema simulatrix sarinoides; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. s. littorea Morishita, 1968 Langkawi Is.

Eurema simulatrix littorea Morishita, 1968; Tyô to Ga 19 (3-4): 66, f. 17-18, 19a, 20a; TL: Langkawi I.

Eurema simulatrix littorea; [BOR], 185; [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. s. inouei Shirôzu & Yata, 1973 Thailand, Indo-China

Eurema simulatrix inouei Shirôzu & Yata, 1973; Sieboldia (4) 3: 128-129; TL: Dinh Quan, S.Vietnam

Eurema simulatrix inouei; [BOR], 185

E. s. tiomanica Okubo, 1983 Tioman

Eurema simulatrix tiomanica Okubo, 1983; Tyô to Ga 33 (3,4): 169, f. 1-4; TL: Lalang-Tekek, Tioman

Eurema irena Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932

Celebes. See [maps]

irena Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 168

Eurema (Terias) irena; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 99
Eurema irena; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Eurema simulatrix irena;

Eurema smilax (Donovan, 1805)

Australia, Tasmania. See [maps]

Papilio smilax Donovan, 1805; Epitome nat. Hist. Ins. New Holland: pl. 20, f. 3
Terias ingana Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 322; TL: Australia, Sidney
Terias parvula Herrich-Schäffer, 1869; Stettin ent. Ztg 30 (1-3): 78; TL: Rockhampton, Australia
Terias varius Miskin, 1889
Terias casta Lucas, 1892; Proc. R. Soc. Qd 8 (3): 68; TL: Duaringa, Queensland

Eurema smilax smilax; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 10
Eurema smilax; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 18; [BAUR], 163; Dunn & Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts.: (120-140) ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias ingana; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 213 (note, Terias drona group)
Terias smilax; Boisduval, 1836, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 460; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 215 (note, Terias smilax group); [EBW]

Eurema tilaha (Horsfield, [1829])

-. See [maps]

Terias tilaha Horsfield, [1829]; Descr. Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (2): 136; TL: Java
Terias eumide C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 214

Eurema tilaha; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 19; [BOR], 187; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias eumide; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)
Terias tilaha; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group); Piepers & Snellen, 1909, Rhop. Java [1]: 64; [EBW]

E. t. tilaha Java

Eurema tilaha tilaha; [BOR], 187

E. t. bazilana (Fruhstorfer, 1900) Basilan

Terias alitha bazilana Fruhstorfer, 1900; Berl. ent. Zs. 45 (1/2): 32; TL: Bazilan

Eurema alitha basilana[sic?]; [BOR], 186
Eurema tilaha bazilana; [iNaturalist]

E. t. myria (Fruhstorfer, 1913) Bali

Terias tilaha myria Fruhstorfer, 1913; Ent. Rundschau 30 (16): 92; TL: Bali

Eurema tilaha myria; [BOR], 187; [iNaturalist]

Eurema nicevillei (Butler, 1898)

Burma, Malaysia, Langkawi, Pulau Tioman, Sumatra, Borneo. See [maps]

Terias nicevillei Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): 79; TL: NE.Sumatra

Eurema nicevillei; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Eurema tilaha nicevillei; [BOR], 187; [BMP]: 99, pl. 10, f. 9; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world 10: 14, pl. back f. 3

Eurema timorensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1977

Timor. See [maps]

Eurema timorensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1977; Kontyû 45 (3): 340; TL: Pariti, West Timor

Eurema timorensis; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]

Eurema tominia (Vollenhoven, 1865)

-. See [maps]

Terias tominia Vollenhoven, 1865; Faune ent. 2 (Monogr. Pierid.): 66, pl. 7, f. 4; TL: Celebes
Terias tondana C. & R. Felder, 1865; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (2): 214, pl. 26, f. 1-2

Eurema (Terias) tominia; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100
Eurema tominia; [BOW]: pl. 160, f. 20, 21; [BOR], 188; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist]
Terias tominia; Butler, 1886, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17 (99): 223 (note, Terias rahel group)

E. t. tominia Sulawesi

Eurema (Terias) tominia tominia; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100
Eurema tominia tominia; [BOR], 188

E. t. talissa (Westwood, 1888) Talisei I.

Terias talissa Westwood, 1888; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888 (3): 469, pl. 12, f. 1; TL: Talisse Island

Eurema (Terias) tominia talissa; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100
Eurema tominia talissa; [BOR], 188

E. t. battana (Fruhstorfer) S.Sulawesi

?Terias tondana battana Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Zs. 22 (15): 64

Eurema tominia battana; [BOR], 188

E. t. theristra (Fruhstorfer, 1911) Sangihe

Terias tominia theristra Fruhstorfer, 1911; Ent. Rundschau 28 (24): 186; TL: Sangir I.

Eurema (Terias) tomina theristra; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100

E. t. toradja Fruhstorfer, 1910² E.Sulawesi

tominia toradja Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171

Eurema tominia toradja; [BOR], 188

E. t. mangolina Fruhstorfer, 1910² Sula Is.

tominia mangolina Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171, pl. 73 h
besina (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Terias); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171

Eurema (Terias) tominia mangolina; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100
Eurema tominia mangolina; [BOR], 188

E. t. halesa Fruhstorfer, 1910² Selajar

tominia halesa Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171; TL: Saleyer

Eurema (Terias) tominia halesa; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100
Eurema halesa Fruhstorfer;
Eurema tominia halesa; [BOR], 188

E. t. arsia Fruhstorfer, 1910² Tanahdjampea

tominia arsia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171; TL: Tanah Djampea

Eurema (Terias) tominia arsia; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100
Eurema tominia arsia; [BOR], 188

E. t. faunia Fruhstorfer, 1910² Tuakangbesi

tominia faunia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171; TL: Tukang Besi Is.

Eurema (Terias) tominia faunia; Vane-Wright & de Jong, 2003, Zool. Verh. Leiden 343: 100
Eurema tominia faunia; [BOR], 188

E. t. horatia Fruhstorfer, 1910² S.Borneo

tominia horatia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9: 171, pl. 73 g; TL: S.Borneo

Eurema tominia horatia; [BOR], 188

E. t. lamperti (Fruhstorfer, 1912) Batu I.

Terias tilaha lamperti Fruhstorfer, 1912; Ent. Rundschau 29 (14): 95; TL: Batu I.

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Photo	Colias	Nathalis			Grass Yellows
Goto:

identification uncertain 450x375 (~26Kb) Venezuela, Yacambu park near Barquisimeto, July 2002, Photo © Simon Coombes E. elathea?	800x1038 (~105Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 15.8.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x1050 (~173Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 28.5.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1000x1155 (~157Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x1023 (~166Kb) USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x976 (~206Kb) USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny
368x318 (~59Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny

1600x1200 (~171Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 12.7.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1600x1200 (~191Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 9.8.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1500x1062 (~193Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 17.9.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1500x1112 (~130Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 17.9.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny

379x438 (~21Kb) ♂ Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey	1400x1050 (~141Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 31.8.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x930 (~282Kb) USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1200x876 (~133Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1200x1213 (~159Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 7.10.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x930 (~146Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 7.10.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny